描述
审视青少年违法行为的发展，重点为病因学、风险因素、评估、预测与发展轨迹。检视个体、群体与家庭的机构内和社区治疗方法。
原文参考文本
An examination of the development of delinquency with a focus on etiology, risk factors, assessment, prediction, and developmental trajectories. Individual, group, and family institutional and community treatment approaches are examined.
来源与参考
为帮助您核实信息，保留了日期和来源。为便于阅读提供了翻译；以官方来源为准，查看条件和要求。
来源参考 : https://calendar.carleton.ca/grad/courses/PSYC/