描述
与孤独成本与收益相关的心理学理论与研究，从若干不同的心理学视角，贯及儿童期至老年的人生各阶段，并置于包括学校、自然环境、网络空间及跨文化等广泛情境中。
原文参考文本
Psychological theory and research related to the costs and benefits of solitude, from several different psychological perspectives, throughout the lifespan from childhood to old age, and situated within a broad range of contexts including schools, natural environments, cyberspace, and across cultures.
来源与参考
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来源参考 : https://calendar.carleton.ca/grad/courses/PSYC/