Program Requirements M.Sc. with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology The student is responsible for fulfilling both the Institute and departmental requirements for the Master's degree, and the requirements of the Collaborative Program. Consult the individual programs for detailed program requirements. The minimum requirements of the Collaborative Program include completing at least three courses, which include: A relevant introductory course in toxicology (The suitability of any introductory toxicology courses as a prerequisite for the Collaborative Program will be decided by the executive committee, comprised of the Coordinator and Associate Coordinator of the Collaborative Program. It is the student’s responsibility to provide justification for an exemption. This can be either: Prior to admission to the Collaborative Program in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology, or By taking one of the two introductory courses, Principles of Toxicology ( BIOL 6402 /BIO 9101 - CHEM 5708 /CHM 8156) or BIOL 6403 /BIO 9104 while registered in the Collaborative Program. The Seminar in Toxicology ( BIOL 6405 /BIO 9105 - CHEM 5805 /CHM 8167). Additional courses required by the Master’s Program and approved by the Collaborative Program. Thesis Requirement - a research thesis on a topic in toxicology supervised by a faculty member of the Collaborative Program in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology. Note : In addition, the student's Advisory Committee may direct the student to take or audit further courses to complement the student's background and research program. Other courses offered in the programs of the primary academic units of biology or chemistry may be taken as options, with the permission of the student's supervisory committee, in addition to the basic requirements of the Collaborative Program in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology. M.Sc. Biology with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology (5.0 credits)
M.Sc. Chemistry with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology (5.0 credits)
M.Sc. Earth Sciences with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology (5.0 credits)
Ph.D. (Biology, Chemistry, or Earth Sciences) with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology Students are responsible for fulfilling both the Institute and Departmental requirements for the Ph.D. degree, and the requirements of the Collaborative Program. Consult the individual programs for detailed program requirements. The requirements of the Collaborative Program are as follows: All courses required by the primary program and approved by the Collaborative Program. If an introductory course (either Principles of Toxicology ( BIOL 6402 /BIO 9101/ CHEM 5708 /CHM 8156 or Ecotoxicology ( BIOL 6403 /BIO 9104/ CHEM 5705 /CHM 9109 [0.5 credit] , or an approved alternative) has not been completed prior to admission, it must be included among these courses. The Seminar in Toxicology ( BIOL 6405 /BIO 9105 - CHEM 5805 /CHM 8167 [0.5 credit] (see Note , below) In addition, students may be directed by their Advisory Committee to take or audit further courses to complement their background and research program. A list of approved electives is provided under 'Graduate Courses'. Thesis Requirement - a research thesis on a topic in toxicology supervised by a faculty member of the Collaborative Program in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology. Note: Item 2 above is not required for students who have already completed the Seminar in Toxicology for the Master's specialization. Ph.D. Biology with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology (1.5 credits)
Ph.D. Chemistry with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology (3.0 credits)
Ph.D. Earth Sciences with Collaborative Specialization in Chemical and Environmental Toxicology (1.0 credit)
Program Requirements Course Categories The Environmental Science program description makes use of the following course categories: Approved Courses Outside the Faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (approved by the Environmental Science Institute) Approved Environmental Science Electives (approved by the Environmental Science Institute) Free Electives (see Academic Regulations for the B.Sc.) Approved Science for Environmental Science Courses approved by the Institute of Environmental Science include the following that comply with the Academic Regulations for the B.Sc.: Biochemistry Biology Chemistry Computer Science Earth Science Environmental Science Geography Geomatics Mathematics and Statistics Physics Prohibited and Restricted Courses Technology, Society, Environment Studes (TSES) courses are not accepted as Science Continuation courses in these programs, but may be used as Approved Environmental Science Specialization courses or as free electives. Environmental Science B.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)
Environmental Science with Concentration in Chemistry B.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)
Environmental Science with Concentration in Earth Sciences B.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)
Environmental Science with Concentration in Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation B.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)
Environmental Science with Concentration in Geomatics B.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)
Environmental Science B.Sc. Major (20.0 credits)
Environmental Science (ENSC) Courses ENSC 1500 [0.5 credit] Environmental Science Seminar The purpose and nature of the program; society's view on the natural and human-modified environment; major environmental issues and their scientific aspects. Prerequisite(s): enrolment in the Environmental Science program. Lectures, seminars and workshops three hours a week. ENSC 2000 [0.5 credit] Environmental Science Field Methods A field-based course introducing students to practical methods in environmental science. Topics will include earth sciences, geography, biology, and chemistry related aspects of environmental sciences and will focus on quantitative techniques to assess environmental impacts and management. A supplementary fee will apply. Prerequisite(s): ERTH 1002 , BIOL 1104 , CHEM 1001 , CHEM 1002 , and permission of the Institute. Field trips, lectures and workshops, seven hours per week (delivered on a single day and on up to two mandatory weekend trips). ENSC 2001 [0.5 credit] Earth Resources and Natural Hazards: Environmental Impacts Environmental impact of mineral, energy and water resource exploitation and impact of hazardous Earth processes such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and others: their prediction and mitigation. Lectures three hours per week. ENSC 2002 [0.5 credit] Methods and Analysis in Environmental Science Study and application of qualitative and quantitative techniques in environmental science, including study design, data collection and assembly, database manipulation, data analysis, and critically evaluating scientific information. Prerequisite(s): STAT 2507 or permission from the Institute. Lectures and seminars three hours a week. ENSC 3000 [0.5 credit] Environmental Science and Management: Theory and Practice Theoretical and practical perspectives related to environmental science and management; Emphasis on real-world problems associated with human activities and development of solutions in natural and built environments; Hands-on experience with environmental monitoring and restoration. A supplementary fee will apply. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in Environmental Science or permission of the Institute. Field trips, lectures and workshops, 7 hours per week (delivered on a single day). ENSC 3002 [0.5 credit] Applied Data Analysis Data analysis strategies to tackle real-world, wicked problems. Includes a hands-on applied environmental data science project with a variety of partners. Topics include: obtaining and working with data, exploring causal relationships, data ethics, communicating data, and moving from data to information to action. Also listed as ISAP 3001 . Prerequisite(s): third year standing. Lecture three hours per week. ENSC 3106 [0.5 credit] Aquatic Science and Management Fundamentals of aquatic science. The physical, chemical, and biotic aspects of lake, river, and estuary systems including human impacts, management and conservation. Also listed as GEOG 3106 . Prerequisite(s): third-year standing and a second year science or engineering course. lectures, three hours per week ENSC 3509 [0.5 credit] Group Research in Environmental Science Major project relating to an issue involving environmental science; effective methods of team research and presentation of group work. May include field work during class time or on weekends. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in the Honours Environmental Science program or permission of the Institute. Lectures, seminars and workshops three hours a week. ENSC 3700 [0.5 credit] Topics in Environmental Science Specific topics of current interest. Topics may vary from year to year. Prerequisite(s): Third year standing in the Environmental Science program or permission of the Institute. ENSC 3906 [0.5 credit] Project Planning for Environmental Research Independent or group study on the fundamentals of scientific investigation, which may include use of literature, learning of research techniques, and development of a research proposal, in consultation with a Faculty supervisor. May include directed reading, written assignments, tutorials, laboratory or field work. Prerequisite(s): Good standing in third year Environmental Science and permission of the Institute. ENSC 3999 [0.0 credit] Co-operative Work Term Practical experience for students enrolled in the Co-operative Option. To receive course credit a student must receive satisfactory evaluations from their work term employer. Written reports describing the work term project will be required. Graded Sat or Uns. Prerequisite(s): registration in the Environmental Science Co-operative Option and permission of the Institute. Four-month work term. ENSC 4001 [0.5 credit] Environmental Science Practicum Experience working in the environmental science sector, applying academic training to practical environmental issues. Graded Sat/Uns. Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing in the Environmental Science program. practicum ENSC 4002 [0.5 credit] Environmental Decisions The regulatory and scientific aspects of environmental management decisions, including risk analysis and mitigation, managing chronic and acute environmental impacts, and conservation of species and landscapes. Students will use real-world case studies to learn traditional and cutting-edge decision-making tools. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in any B.Sc. program or permission of the Institute. Workshops three hours per week. ENSC 4003 [0.5 credit] Food Systems and the Environment This course explores issues of food systems and their sustainability. We will discuss aspects of food systems, including production, distribution, consumption, waste management, and their impact on communities and the environment. Prerequisite(s): third year standing in B.Sc. or B.HSc. program or permission of the Institute. Lecture three hours per week. ENSC 4005 [0.5 credit] Environmental Solutions and Sustainability Science Focus on conceptualization and application of different knowledges and knowledge systems to complex, interdisciplinary real-world problems through an environmental lens. Development of skills and mindset needed to generate creative solutions that will be embraced by diverse publics and decision makers. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for ENSC 4700A if taken in Winter term 2021 or Winter term 2022. Prerequisite(s): Third year standing in B.Sc. programs in Environmental Science, Interdisciplinary Science and Practice, Earth Science, Biology, and Geography and B.A. programs in Biology and Geography, or permission of the Institute. Lecture, seminar, or workshops three hours a week. ENSC 4207 [0.5 credit] Environmental Isotopes Isotope applications in environmental and Earth sciences. Emphasis is placed current and novel environmental applications including contaminant tracing, hydrogeological studies, and (bio)geochemical cycling of elements. Mechanisms of stable isotope fractionation and analysis are presented. Student-led projects will explore the broad realm of isotope studies. Also listed as ERTH 4207 . Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1001 and CHEM 1002 , and fourth-year standing or permission of the department. Also offered at the graduate level, with different requirements, as ERTH 5403 , for which additional credit is precluded. lectures three hours per week. ENSC 4700 [0.5 credit] Topics in Environmental Science Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in the Environmental Science program or permission of the Institute. Lectures and discussion three hours a week. ENSC 4901 [0.5 credit] Directed Projects Independent or group study, for fourth-year students to explore a particular project, in consultation with a Faculty supervisor. May include directed reading, written assignments, tutorials, laboratory or field work. Prerequisite(s): permission of the Institute. Students normally may not offer more than 1.0 credit of Directed Special Studies in their program. ENSC 4906 [1.0 credit] Honours Research Project An independent investigation into an aspect of environmental science supervised by a member of the faculty. Approval of the topic and the research schedule must be obtained from the project supervisor and the course coordinator before the last date for registration. Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing in the Honours Environmental Science program, a major CGPA 8.0 and permission of the Institute. independent study ENSC 4909 [1.0 credit] Translational Approach to Indigenous Community Wellness This course involves co-developing an Indigenous community-led process or product that addresses a current and specific mental health issue. Involves working in interdisciplinary groups with a community partner. Includes: Experiential Learning Activity. Also listed as ISAP 4909 , MPAD 4906 , NEUR 4906 . Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for ENSC 4906 , ISAP 4906 , ISAP 4907 , ISAP 4908 , NEUR 4905 , NEUR 4907 , NEUR 4908 . Prerequisite(s): Fourth-year standing with a minimum Major CGPA of 10.0 in the Honours Environmental Science program and permission of the instructor. Seminars or workshops three hours a week. A field trip to the partner community is typically required. Note: Not all courses listed are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings for the current session and to determine the term of offering, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca . Summer session: some of the courses listed in this Calendar are offered during the summer. Hours and scheduling for summer session courses will differ significantly from those reported in the fall/winter Calendar. To determine the scheduling and hours for summer session classes, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca B.Sc. Regulations The regulations presented in this section apply to all Bachelor of Science programs. In addition to the requirements presented here, students must satisfy the University regulations common to all undergraduate students including the process of Academic Continuation Evaluation (see the Academic Regulations of the University section of this Calendar). Breadth Requirement for the B.Sc. Students in a Bachelor of Science program must present the following credits at graduation: 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses not in the major discipline; students completing a double major are considered to have completed this requirement providing they have 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses in each of the two majors; 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) In most cases, the requirements for individual B.Sc. programs, as stated in this Calendar, contain these requirements, explicitly or implicitly. Students admitted to B.Sc. programs by transfer from another institution must present at graduation (whether taken at Carleton or elsewhere): 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) if the student received fewer than 10.0 transfer credits; or, 1.0 credit in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) if the student received 10.0 or more transfer credits. Declared and Undeclared Students Degree students are considered "Undeclared" if they have been admitted to a degree, but have not yet selected and been accepted into a program within that degree. The status "Undeclared" is available only in the B.A. and B.Sc. degrees. Undeclared students must apply to enter a program upon or before completing 3.5 credits. Change of Program within the B.Sc. Degree To transfer to a program within the B.Sc. degree, applicants must normally be Eligible to Continue (EC) in the new program, by meeting the CGPA thresholds described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University. Applications to declare or change programs within the B.Sc. degree must be made online through Carleton Central by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form within the published deadlines. Acceptance into a program, or into a program element or option, is subject to any enrolment limitations, and/or specific program, program element or option requirements as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Minors, Concentrations, and Specializations Students may add a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form online through Carleton Central. Acceptance into a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization normally requires that the student be Eligible to Continue (EC) and is meeting the minimum CGPAs described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University , as well as being subject to any specific requirements of the intended Minor, Concentration, or Specialization as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Experimental Science Requirement Students in a B.Sc. degree program must present at graduation at least two full credits of Experimental Science chosen from two different departments or institutes from the list below: Approved Experimental Science Courses Biochemistry BIOC 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry BIOC 3103 [0.5] Experimental Biochemistry I: Principles and Practices BIOC 3104 [0.5] Experimental Biochemistry II: Research Experience BIOC 4001 [0.5] Methods in Biochemistry BIOC 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering Biology BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology I BIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology II BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and Function BIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and Function BIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory Genetics BIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry BIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology Chemistry CHEM 1001 [0.5] General Chemistry I CHEM 1002 [0.5] General Chemistry II CHEM 2103 [0.5] Physical Chemistry I CHEM 2203 [0.5] Organic Chemistry I CHEM 2204 [0.5] Organic Chemistry II CHEM 2302 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry I CHEM 2303 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry II CHEM 2800 [0.5] Foundations for Environmental Chemistry Earth Sciences ERTH 1002 [0.5] The Earth and Life Odyssey: A Journey Through Billions of Years ERTH 2102 [0.5] Mineralogy to Petrology ERTH 2404 [0.5] Engineering Geoscience ERTH 2802 [0.5] Field Geology I ERTH 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals, Reptiles, and Birds ERTH 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and Amphibians ERTH 3204 [0.5] Mineral Deposits ERTH 3205 [0.5] Physical Hydrogeology Food Sciences FOOD 3001 [0.5] Food Chemistry FOOD 3002 [0.5] Food Analysis FOOD 3005 [0.5] Food Microbiology Geography GEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental Systems GEOG 3108 [0.5] Soil Properties Neuroscience NEUR 3206 [0.5] Sensory and Motor Neuroscience NEUR 3207 [0.5] Systems Neuroscience NEUR 4600 [0.5] Advanced Lab in Neuroanatomy Physics PHYS 1001 [0.5] Foundations of Physics I PHYS 1002 [0.5] Foundations of Physics II PHYS 1003 [0.5] Introductory Mechanics and Thermodynamics PHYS 1004 [0.5] Introductory Electromagnetism and Wave Motion PHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I PHYS 1008 [0.5] Elementary University Physics II PHYS 2007 [0.5] Second Year Physics Laboratory: Selected Experiments and Seminars PHYS 3007 [0.5] Third Year Physics Laboratory: Selected Experiments and Seminars PHYS 3606 [0.5] Modern Physics II PHYS 3608 [0.5] Modern Applied Physics Course Categories for B.Sc. Programs
Minor in Food Science (4.0 credits) The Minor in Food Science is available to degree students registered in programs other than the Food Science B.Sc. Honours program. Note that there are several prerequisites in Chemistry, Biochemistry and Math that may also need to be satisfied. Students are required to present a Minor CGPA of 4.00 or higher at graduation in order to be awarded a Minor in Food Science. Requirements 1. 0.5 credit in: 0.5 FOOD 1001 [0.5] Introduction to Food Science 2. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 FOOD 2001 [0.5] Principles of Nutrition FOOD 2002 [0.5] Food Processing 3. 3.0 credits in FOOD at 2000-level or higher 3.0 4. The remaining requirements of the major discipline(s) and degree must be satisfied. Total Credits 4.0 Food Science (FOOD) Courses FOOD 1001 [0.5 credit] Introduction to Food Science Overview of the food industry. Production, processing, product development, packaging, chemistry, analysis, microbiology. Elements risk assessment, policy making and regulation. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 2001 [0.5 credit] Principles of Nutrition Roles of nutrients, lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, fluids and electrolytes. Digestion, absorption, transport, energy metabolism. Disorders including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Nutrition through the life cycle. Prerequisite(s): CHEM 1002 , BIOL 1103 . Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 2002 [0.5 credit] Food Processing Principles of major techniques used in food processing and preservation. Processing of specific food groups including cereals, oilseeds, dairy, beverages and frozen foods. Effects of processing on physico-chemical, rheological, and sensory characteristics. Role of research and development in food industry. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 1001 . Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 2003 [0.5 credit] Regulation of the Canadian Food Industry Regulation of the Canadian food industry including regulators, regulatory powers, the process of enacting laws/regulation and food safety requirements. Food composition, standardization, advertising, labeling, packaging, ingredients, additives, and fortification requirements. Inspection, enforcement and compliance powers and policies. Prerequisite(s): Second year standing. Lectures three hours per week. FOOD 2004 [0.5 credit] Scientific Communication in Food Science Principles of effective scientific communication for scientific and non-scientific audiences. Applicable to laboratory reports, literature reviews, posters, presentations, and briefing notes. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 1001 or second-year standing in Food Science or Chemistry. Workshop four hours a week. FOOD 3001 [0.5 credit] Food Chemistry Chemistry of the major components of foods such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and of the minor components such as enzymes, vitamins and various additives and their relationships to food stability and degradation. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 1001 , FOOD 2001 , CHEM 2204 , BIOC 2200 . Lectures three hours a week and laboratory three hours a week. FOOD 3002 [0.5 credit] Food Analysis In-depth principles and practices of food proximate analysis. Introductory concepts of food adulteration and detection. Major techniques such as chromatography, colorimetry, spectroscopy, rheology. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 3001 . Lectures three hours a week, laboratory three hours a week. FOOD 3003 [0.5 credit] Food Packaging and Shelf Life An introduction to the materials used for food packaging, including their chemical and physical characteristics. Interactions of these materials with food products, and their effects on shelf life of food. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 2002 . Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 3005 [0.5 credit] Food Microbiology Foodborne diseases, microbial growth and survival, food spoilage, food fermentation. Techniques for detecting and quantifying microorganisms in foods. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 1001 , FOOD 2001 , BIOL 2303 . Lectures three hours a week, laboratory three hours a week. FOOD 3006 [0.5 credit] Upcycling and Sustainable Food Systems Food processing and upcycling in the context of sustainable food systems. Case studies to assess social, economic, and environmental impacts of food processing and upcycling on communities and the food industry. Transdisciplinary perspectives to propose a food rescue product. Prerequisite(s): third year standing in a BSc or BHSc program. Workshop 3 hours a week. FOOD 3999 [0.0 credit] Co-operative Work Term Provides practical experience for students enrolled in the Co-operative option. Students must receive satisfactory evaluations from their work term employer. Written and oral reports will be required. Graded as SAT or UNS. Prerequisite(s): Registration in the Food Science Co-operative Education option and permission of the Department. Work term. FOOD 4001 [0.5 credit] Food Quality Control Factors affecting quality in manufacturing and processing of foods and principles of quality control and quality assurance. Sampling plans and statistical methods. Applications of physical, chemical, biological and microbiological tests in quality control. Quality systems and standards. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 2002 , FOOD 2003 , and third or fourth year standing. Also offered at the graduate level, with different requirements, as FOOD 5104 , for which additional credit is precluded. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 4002 [0.5 credit] Analysis of Food Contaminants Official methods to identify food contaminants and adulterated foods. Includes agricultural chemicals, veterinary drugs, toxins, metals, and allergens. Interpretation of results in the context of current Canadian and international food safety regulations. Prerequisite(s): BIOC 3101 or CHEM 3205 or CHEM 3305 , and third or fourth year standing. Laboratory four hours per week, tutorial one hour a week. FOOD 4102 [0.5 credit] Current Issues in Canadian Food Governance, Regulation and Policy Focus on the ever-changing and evolving issues in Canadian food governance, regulation and policy. Topical food safety, governance, policies, enforcement, trade and import/export issues and developments. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 2003 , and third or fourth year standing. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 4103 [0.5 credit] Food Safety Risk Assessment The role of risk management in providing science-based approaches to solving food safety problems. Risk management models and practical applications in critical risk management. An examination of actual risk assessments. Risk communication is addressed. Prerequisite(s): BIOC 3101 , and third or fourth-year standing. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 4201 [0.5 credit] Advanced Nutrition and Metabolism Metabolism of macronutrients in the human body. Detailed catabolic and anabolic reactions of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins. Regulatory control points in healthy and diseased states. Discussion of the literature pertaining to nutrition, metabolism and chronic disease. Prerequisite(s): FOOD 2001 , BIOC 3101 and fourth year standing. Also offered at the graduate level, with different requirements, as FOOD 5101 , for which additional credit is precluded. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 4202 [0.5 credit] Micronutrients and Health Use of scientific literature to examine human metabolism of vitamins and minerals and associated diseases throughout the life cycle. Development of advanced scientific literacy skills, with an emphasis on systematic reviews. Prerequisite(s): BIOC 2200 or BIOL 2200 and third- or fourth-year standing. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 4203 [0.5 credit] Functional Foods and Natural Health Products Study of the bioactive components of functional foods and natural health products, for the improvement of health and nutrition. Sources and chemistry of bioactives, mechanisms of actions, process technology, efficacy and safety. Role of research and development in industry in commercialization of new products. Prerequisite(s): BIOC 2200 or BIOL 2200 or BIOL 2201 , and third or fourth year standing. Also offered at the graduate level, with different requirements, as FOOD 5105 , for which additional credit is precluded. Lectures three hours a week. FOOD 4905 [1.0 credit] Food Science Honours Workshop Active learning in areas that include information literacy, critical evaluation of scientific literature, written and oral communication, evaluation and interpretation of results, statistics and data management. Emphasizes transferable skills that are most appropriate for non-research career paths. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for FOOD 4907 , FOOD 4908 . Prerequisite(s): Fourth-year standing in Food Science and a minimum of 1.5 credits in FOOD at the 3000 level. Workshop three hours a week. FOOD 4907 [1.0 credit] Food Science Honours Essay and Research Proposal Students conduct an independent research study using library resources, and prepare a critical review and study proposal on a topic approved by a faculty supervisor. A written report and an oral poster presentation of the work are required before a grade can be assigned. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for FOOD 4905 , FOOD 4908 , CHEM 4907 and CHEM 4908 . Prerequisite(s): Fourth-year standing in the Food Science program, a minimum of 1.5 credits in FOOD at the 3000 level, minimum Major CGPA of 8.0, and permission of the department. FOOD 4908 [1.0 credit] Food Science Research Project Students in Food Science carry out a research project under the direction of a faculty member. A written report and an oral presentation of the work are required before a grade can be assigned. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for FOOD 4905 , FOOD 4907 , CHEM 4907 and CHEM 4908 . Prerequisite(s): Fourth-year standing in the Food Science program, a minimum of 1.5 credits in FOOD at the 3000 level, minimum Major CGPA of 8.0, and permission of the department. Laboratory and associated work equivalent to at least eight hours per week for two terms. Note: Not all courses listed are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings for the current session and to determine the term of offering, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca . Summer session: some of the courses listed in this Calendar are offered during the summer. Hours and scheduling for summer session courses will differ significantly from those reported in the fall/winter Calendar. To determine the scheduling and hours for summer session classes, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca B.Sc. Regulations The regulations presented in this section apply to all Bachelor of Science programs. In addition to the requirements presented here, students must satisfy the University regulations common to all undergraduate students including the process of Academic Continuation Evaluation (see the Academic Regulations of the University section of this Calendar). Breadth Requirement for the B.Sc. Students in a Bachelor of Science program must present the following credits at graduation: 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses not in the major discipline; students completing a double major are considered to have completed this requirement providing they have 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses in each of the two majors; 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) In most cases, the requirements for individual B.Sc. programs, as stated in this Calendar, contain these requirements, explicitly or implicitly. Students admitted to B.Sc. programs by transfer from another institution must present at graduation (whether taken at Carleton or elsewhere): 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) if the student received fewer than 10.0 transfer credits; or, 1.0 credit in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) if the student received 10.0 or more transfer credits. Declared and Undeclared Students Degree students are considered "Undeclared" if they have been admitted to a degree, but have not yet selected and been accepted into a program within that degree. The status "Undeclared" is available only in the B.A. and B.Sc. degrees. Undeclared students must apply to enter a program upon or before completing 3.5 credits. Change of Program within the B.Sc. Degree To transfer to a program within the B.Sc. degree, applicants must normally be Eligible to Continue (EC) in the new program, by meeting the CGPA thresholds described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University. Applications to declare or change programs within the B.Sc. degree must be made online through Carleton Central by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form within the published deadlines. Acceptance into a program, or into a program element or option, is subject to any enrolment limitations, and/or specific program, program element or option requirements as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Minors, Concentrations, and Specializations Students may add a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form online through Carleton Central. Acceptance into a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization normally requires that the student be Eligible to Continue (EC) and is meeting the minimum CGPAs described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University , as well as being subject to any specific requirements of the intended Minor, Concentration, or Specialization as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Experimental Science Requirement Students in a B.Sc. degree program must present at graduation at least two full credits of Experimental Science chosen from two different departments or institutes from the list below: Approved Experimental Science Courses Biochemistry BIOC 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry BIOC 3103 [0.5] Experimental Biochemistry I: Principles and Practices BIOC 3104 [0.5] Experimental Biochemistry II: Research Experience BIOC 4001 [0.5] Methods in Biochemistry BIOC 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering Biology BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology I BIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology II BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and Function BIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and Function BIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory Genetics BIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry BIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology Chemistry CHEM 1001 [0.5] General Chemistry I CHEM 1002 [0.5] General Chemistry II CHEM 2103 [0.5] Physical Chemistry I CHEM 2203 [0.5] Organic Chemistry I CHEM 2204 [0.5] Organic Chemistry II CHEM 2302 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry I CHEM 2303 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry II CHEM 2800 [0.5] Foundations for Environmental Chemistry Earth Sciences ERTH 1002 [0.5] The Earth and Life Odyssey: A Journey Through Billions of Years ERTH 2102 [0.5] Mineralogy to Petrology ERTH 2404 [0.5] Engineering Geoscience ERTH 2802 [0.5] Field Geology I ERTH 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals, Reptiles, and Birds ERTH 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and Amphibians ERTH 3204 [0.5] Mineral Deposits ERTH 3205 [0.5] Physical Hydrogeology Food Sciences FOOD 3001 [0.5] Food Chemistry FOOD 3002 [0.5] Food Analysis FOOD 3005 [0.5] Food Microbiology Geography GEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental Systems GEOG 3108 [0.5] Soil Properties Neuroscience NEUR 3206 [0.5] Sensory and Motor Neuroscience NEUR 3207 [0.5] Systems Neuroscience NEUR 4600 [0.5] Advanced Lab in Neuroanatomy Physics PHYS 1001 [0.5] Foundations of Physics I PHYS 1002 [0.5] Foundations of Physics II PHYS 1003 [0.5] Introductory Mechanics and Thermodynamics PHYS 1004 [0.5] Introductory Electromagnetism and Wave Motion PHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I PHYS 1008 [0.5] Elementary University Physics II PHYS 2007 [0.5] Second Year Physics Laboratory: Selected Experiments and Seminars PHYS 3007 [0.5] Third Year Physics Laboratory: Selected Experiments and Seminars PHYS 3606 [0.5] Modern Physics II PHYS 3608 [0.5] Modern Applied Physics Course Categories for B.Sc. Programs
Program Requirements Geography B.A. Honours (20.0 credits)
Geography with Concentration in Physical Geography B.A. Honours (20.0 credits)
Geography with Concentration in Urban Geography B.A. Honours (20.0 credits)
Geography B.A. Combined Honours (20.0 credits)
Geography B.A. (15.0 credits)
Course Categories for B.Sc. Geography Lists of courses for all other categories (Science Continuation, Approved Experimental Science, Science Faculty Electives and Approved Arts or Social Sciences Electives) are located at the Academic Regulations for the B.Sc. page. Earth Sciences and Physical Geography B.Sc. Combined Honours (20.0 credits)
Approved Electives - B.Sc. Earth Sciences and Physical Geography
Physical Geography B.Sc. Honours (20.0 credits)
Specialization in Globalization and the Environment B.G.In.S. Honours (20.0 credits)
Stream in Globalization and the Environment B.G.In.S. (15.0 credits)
Minor in Geography (4.0 credits) Open to all undergraduate degree students not in Geography programs or the B.G.In.S. Specialization or Stream in Globalization and the Environment. Students are required to present a Minor CGPA of 4.00 or higher at graduation in order to be awarded a Minor in Geography. Requirements: 1. 1.0 credit in: 1.0 GEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental Systems GEOG 1020 [0.5] People, Places and Environments 2. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 GEOG 2013 [0.5] Weather and Water GEOG 2014 [0.5] The Earth's Surface GEOG 2020 [0.5] Ecosystems of Canada 3. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 GEOG 2005 [0.5] Introduction to Qualitative Research GEOG 2006 [0.5] Introduction to Quantitative Research GEOM 1004 [0.5] Maps, Satellites and the Geospatial Revolution 4. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 GEOG 2023 [0.5] Cities, Inequality and Urban Change GEOG 2200 [0.5] Global Connections GEOG 2300 [0.5] Space, Place and Culture GEOG 2500 [0.5] Climate Change: Social Science Perspectives 5. 1.0 credit in GEOG and/or GEOM at the 3000-level or above 1.0 6. 0.5 credit in GEOG or GEOM 0.5 7. The remaining requirements of the major discipline(s) and degree must be satisfied. Total Credits 4.0 Minor in Physical Geography (4.0 credits) Open to all undergraduate degree students not in Geography programs. Students are required to present a Minor CGPA of 4.00 or higher at graduation in order to be awarded a Minor in Physical Geography. Open to all undergraduate degree students not in Geography programs. Requirements: 1. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 GEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental Systems 2. 1.0 credit in: 1.0 GEOG 2013 [0.5] Weather and Water GEOG 2014 [0.5] The Earth's Surface 3. 2.5 credits from: 2.5 GEOM 3002 [0.5] Introduction to Remote Sensing GEOG 3003 [0.5] Quantitative Geography GEOG 3102 [0.5] Geomorphology GEOG 3103 [0.5] Watershed Hydrology GEOG 3104 [0.5] Principles of Biogeography GEOG 3105 [0.5] Climate and Atmospheric Change GEOG 3106 [0.5] Aquatic Science and Management GEOG 3108 [0.5] Soil Properties GEOG 4013 [0.5] Cold Region Hydrology GEOG 4017 [0.5] Global Biogeochemical Cycles GEOG 4101 [0.5] Two Million Years of Environmental Change GEOG 4104 [0.5] Microclimatology GEOG 4108 [0.5] Permafrost 4. The remaining requirements of the major discipline(s) and degree must be satisfied. Total Credits 4.0 Minor in Urban Studies (4.0 credits) Only students pursuing an undergraduate program (except the BA Honours in Geography with a Concentration in Urban Geography) requiring at least 20.0 credits to graduate may be admitted to the Urban Studies minor. Students are required to present a Minor CGPA of 4.00 or higher at graduation in order to be awarded a Minor in Urban Studies. Requirements: 1. 1.0 credit from: 1.0 FYSM 1107 [1.0] Social Justice and the City GEOG 1020 [0.5] People, Places and Environments GEOG 1023 [0.5] Introduction to Cities and Urbanization GEOM 1004 [0.5] Maps, Satellites and the Geospatial Revolution 2. 1.0 credit from: 1.0 GEOG 2023 [0.5] Cities, Inequality and Urban Change GEOG 2200 [0.5] Global Connections GEOM 2007 [0.5] Vector GIS: Points, Lines and Polygons 3. 0.5 credit in: 0.5 GEOG 3023 [0.5] Cities in a Global World 4. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 AFRI 3004 [0.5] The African City ARCU 3100 [0.5] The Morphology of the City HRSJ 3002 [0.5] Right to the City 5. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 GEOG 4023 [0.5] Seminar in Special Topics on the City GEOG 4323 [0.5] Urban and Regional Planning 6. 0.5 credit from: 0.5 ARCH 4201 [0.5] History of Modern Housing ARCU 4103 [0.5] Cities ARCU 4300 [0.5] Theories of Urbanism ARCU 4700 [0.5] Urban Utopias ARCU 4801 [0.5] Topics in Urbanism GEOG 4000 [0.5] Field Studies (when offered with an urban theme) GEOG 4005 [0.5] Directed Studies in Geography (with urban theme) GEOG 4007 [0.5] Special Topics in Geography and Environmental Studies INDG 4001 [0.5] Indigenous Urbanisms 7. The remaining requirements of the major discipline(s) and degree must be satisfied. Total Credits 4.0 Geography (GEOG) Courses 4000-level courses are normally restricted to students with fourth-year Honours standing. However, students with third-year standing may take 4000-level courses provided they have the necessary prerequisites, a Geography CGPA of 6.50 or better, and permission of the Department. GEOG 1010 [0.5 credit] Global Environmental Systems Introduction to physical and environmental geography. Emphasis on the flow of energy and matter within and between the Earth’s atmosphere, hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere that shape our physical environment locally and globally. Impacts of climate change and other human activities on environmental systems. Lectures three hours a week, laboratory two hours a week. GEOG 1020 [0.5 credit] People, Places and Environments Introduction to human geography. Examination of relationships between people, communities, society and the natural environment at local to global scales. Population change, cultural patterns, and historical, economic, political and environmental forces, including climate change, that shape human activity and experiences from place to place. Also listed as ENST 1020 . Lectures two hours a week and tutorial one hour a week. GEOG 1023 [0.5 credit] Introduction to Cities and Urbanization Geographies of urban experience, development, and change across an urbanizing planet. Historical and contemporary urbanization processes, patterns, and issues in and between cities and regions. The role of urbanization in producing and responding to climate change. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 2400 (no longer offered). Lectures two hours per week and tutorials one hour per week. GEOG 2005 [0.5 credit] Introduction to Qualitative Research Introduction to the research process, from generating questions to reporting results. Topics include intensive and extensive research approaches; the use of surveys, interviews and other data collection methods; the analysis of qualitative information; and the ethical dimensions of doing research with people and communities. Also listed as ENST 2005 . Prerequisite(s): 1.0 credit in GEOG or ENST at the 1000-level and second-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lectures two hours a week, workshop two hours a week. GEOG 2006 [0.5 credit] Introduction to Quantitative Research Introduction to solving problems using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Graphical and numerical tools to describe distributions. Probability, sampling and estimates, and hypothesis testing. Fundamentals of spatial statistics and analysis. Also listed as ENST 2006 . Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for BIT 2000 , BIT 2009 , BIT 2100 (no longer offered), BIT 2300 (no longer offered), DATA 1517 , ECON 2210 , NEUR 2002 , PSCI 2702 , STAT 2507 , STAT 2601 , STAT 2606. Lectures two hours a week, laboratory two hours a week. GEOG 2013 [0.5 credit] Weather and Water Introduction to climate, weather and the hydrological cycle. Physical properties of the atmosphere, radiation and energy balances, global circulation, atmospheric moisture and precipitation, weather systems and forecasting, mechanisms of anthropogenic climate change. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1010 or ERTH 1002 or ISCI 1001 . Lectures three hours a week, laboratory three hours a week. GEOG 2014 [0.5 credit] The Earth's Surface Introduction to geomorphology. Weathering, slope and fluvial processes within drainage basins, and glacial and periglacial processes. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1010 or ERTH 1002 or ISCI 1001 . Lectures three hours a week, laboratory three hours a week. GEOG 2020 [0.5 credit] Ecosystems of Canada Introduction to world biomes and in-depth analysis of the characteristics and distribution of Canada’s major ecosystems including the boreal forest, temperate forest, tundra, grasslands, wetlands, and aquatic environments; Current issues in ecosystem science and conservation such as climate change, agricultural management, forestry and urban ecology. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1010 or ERTH 1002 or ERTH 1004 or ISCI 1001 . Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 2023 [0.5 credit] Cities, Inequality and Urban Change Geographical perspectives on the uneven power relationships and politics that shape urban lives and urban space. Key topics may include housing and segregation, planning for sustainable cities, urban social movements, urban inequality and changing livelihoods. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 2400 (no longer offered). Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1023 , or second-year standing, or permission of the department. Lectures two hours per week and tutorials one hour per week. GEOG 2200 [0.5 credit] Global Connections Globalization and global environmental change as linked processes. Geographical analysis of economic, cultural, political, and climate change transformations acting at global, national and local scales. Choices and constraints underlying economic, social and environmental sustainability. Prerequisite(s): second-year standing or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 2300 [0.5 credit] Space, Place and Culture Introduction to social and cultural geography, including how theories of space, place, landscape, power, and knowledge can be used to understand the geographic dimensions of social and cultural life. Topics include culture and identity, migration and transnationalism, nature, gender, sexuality, race, colonialism, consumption, and work. Prerequisite(s): second-year standing or permission of the Department. Lectures two hours a week, discussion one hour a week. GEOG 2500 [0.5 credit] Climate Change: Social Science Perspectives An introduction to climate change as a political, economic and socio-cultural phenomenon, including the political-economic and world-historical causes of anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions; variations in impact and vulnerability; climate justice and other political movements; global mitigation and adaptation strategies; and proposals for radical systemic change. Also listed as ENST 2500 . Prerequisite(s): second-year standing or permission of the Department. Lectures two hours a week, discussion groups one hour a week. GEOG 2600 [0.5 credit] Geography Behind the Headlines Exploration of the geographical backgrounds to selected issues of current public interest, through geography's perspective of integrating human and physical environments. Issues selected will be structured from the global through the national/regional to the local, identifying the interdependencies among the scales. Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 3000 [0.5 credit] Honours Field Course Field research, with a focus on data collection methods, analysis and presentation of findings. Design and conduct research that links the human and biophysical environment. Topics may change from year to year. Also listed as ENST 3900 . Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for ENST 2900 (no longer offered). Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2005 / ENST 2005 and GEOG 2006 / ENST 2006 , third-year Honours standing in Geography, Geomatics or Environmental Studies, or permission of the Department. Normally consists of a multi-day field excursion in the Ottawa region. A supplementary charge may apply. Consult the department regarding course details. GEOG 3001 [0.5 credit] Doing Qualitative Research Theory and methods used in qualitative approaches to research in human geography; hands-on experience and discussion of beliefs and claims underlying scholarly work. Ethical and practical dilemmas confronting researchers. Gathering and interpreting qualitative information; representing knowledge. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2005 or ENST 2005 . Lecture and discussion three hours per week. GEOG 3003 [0.5 credit] Quantitative Geography Quantitative methods used in geographical research: multiple correlation and regression, principal component/factor analysis, spatial statistics, cluster analysis, and a review of other selected techniques. Computer-based analysis. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2006 or ENST 2006 or STAT 2507 or permission of the Department. Lecture two hours a week, laboratory two hours a week. GEOG 3009 [0.5 credit] Special Topics in Human Geography Selected topics concerning human geography not usually included in regular course offerings. Topic varies from year to year. Students should check with the Department for more information. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 2505 (no longer offered). Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1020 or ENST 1020 and third-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lecture three hours per week. GEOG 3010 [0.5 credit] Field Methods in Physical Geography Field and laboratory approaches, methodologies and techniques in physical geography. Field projects will be undertaken to collect data for analysis, evaluation and presentation. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2006 or ENST 2006 or STAT 2507 and GEOG 2013 or GEOG 2014 or permission of the Department. Normally consists of a multi-day field camp, including lodging, during Fall or Winter Break, and regular classroom meetings. A supplementary charge will apply. GEOG 3021 [0.5 credit] Geographies of Culture and Identity Examination of culture, identity and place over time in different contexts; how colonialism, globalization and other processes have shaped societies; geographies of identity, including gender, ethnicity, race and nationality; relationships between cultural groups and their natural surroundings and impacts of climate change. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2300 and third-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 3022 [0.5 credit] Environmental and Natural Resources Exploration of complexity, dynamics, uncertainty and equity issues underpinning environmental and resource issues; review and appraisal of selected contemporary methods to assess and manage environmental and natural resources. Also listed as ENST 3022 . Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in Geography or Environmental Studies or BGInS Specialization/Stream in Globalization and Environment or permission of the Department. Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 3023 [0.5 credit] Cities in a Global World Introduces the study of cities as "systems of cities", the political economy of linkages between urban places located unevenly in space, and "cities as systems". Case studies of socio-cultural, political and economic relations within biophysical and built environments. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2023 and third-year standing, or permission of the department. Lecture and discussion three hours a week. GEOG 3024 [0.5 credit] Understanding Globalization Geographical analysis of processes of globalization: theoretical frameworks, historical context and contemporary challenges. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2200 and third-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 3025 [0.5 credit] Geographies of Selected Regions Geographical analysis of key questions facing a selected region of the world. Attention will focus on selected topics within one or more regions and their related global context. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing in a B.A. program or BGInS Specialization/Stream in Globalization and Environment or permission of the Department. Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 3026 [0.5 credit] Topics in the Geography of Canada Selected topic concerning the geography of Canada. Topic varies from year to year. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 2505 [no longer offered]. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1020 or ENST 1020 and second-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 3030 [0.5 credit] Regional Field Excursion Guided and independent geographic field research, with a focus on data collection methods, and analysis and presentation of findings. Consists of an excursion outside of the Ottawa region. A supplementary charge may apply. Prerequisite(s): third-year Honours standing in Geography or BGInS Specialization in Globalization and Environment or permission of the Department. A seven- to ten-day field excursion. GEOG 3102 [0.5 credit] Geomorphology Geomorphological agents of landscape change at the Earth's surface, emphasizing the role of water, ice and wind in erosion and deposition; use of geomorphic indicators in studies of environmental and climate change. A supplementary charge may apply. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2014 and third-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lectures two hours a week, laboratory two hours a week, one field excursion. GEOG 3103 [0.5 credit] Watershed Hydrology Principles of watershed hydrology and climate change impacts on renewable freshwater resources, emphasizing the physical mechanisms of runoff generation, groundwater flow, soil water movement, evapotranspiration and snowmelt. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2013 or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week, laboratory two hours a week. GEOG 3104 [0.5 credit] Principles of Biogeography Contemporary and past controls on distribution of plants and animals at global, regional and local scales; significance of these distributions. Also listed as BIOL 3608 . Prerequisite(s): GEOG 1010 or BIOL 2600 , or permission of the Department. Lectures, laboratory, and fieldwork five hours a week. GEOG 3105 [0.5 credit] Climate and Atmospheric Change The global climate system, with emphasis on global change variability over the historical and modern periods; the changing composition of the atmosphere and its impact on climate; analysis and interpretation of climatic and atmospheric data; modeling of climate systems. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2013 or permission of the Department. Lecture two hours a week, laboratory two hours a week. GEOG 3106 [0.5 credit] Aquatic Science and Management Fundamentals of aquatic science. The physical, chemical, and biotic aspects of lake, river, and estuary ecosystems in different geographic contexts. The impacts of climate and environmental changes on aquatic ecosystems and management and conservation actions to conserve and restore these ecosystems. Also listed as ENSC 3106 . Prerequisite(s): third-year standing and a second-year science or engineering course. Lectures three hours per week. GEOG 3108 [0.5 credit] Soil Properties The physical, chemical and biological properties of soils and how these impact soil-water relationships, soil quality, soil fertility, soil biology and soil classification, among other topics. Examines the role of soils in food production and climate change. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2013 or GEOG 2014 or permission of the Department. Lectures and laboratory five hours a week. GEOG 3206 [0.5 credit] Health, Environment, and Society Explores the nexus between geography and human health, including climate change impacts on disease, mental and physical health, and inequity; relationships between colonization, modernization, identity, ideologies, and the environment; population health and health behaviour; social determinants of global health inequality and possibilities for change. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 3209 [0.5 credit] Sustainability and Environment in the South Analysis of the relationships between people and environment in selected regions in the South (Africa, Asia, Latin America). Emphasis on sustainable livelihoods and local action in relation to climate change and broader socioeconomic and political processes. Regions selected vary from year to year. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing and ENST 2000 or ENST 2001 or GEOG 2200 or GEOG 2300 or permission of the Department. Lecture and discussion three hours a week. GEOG 3404 [0.5 credit] Geographies of Economic Development Geographical approaches to economic development and difference at local, regional, and global scales. Critical historical, cultural, social, political, economic, and environmental perspectives on 'development', including theories of the state, colonial power, development institutions, and climate change. Spatial dynamics and environmental impacts of economic activity. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2200 or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 3501 [0.5 credit] Geographies of the Canadian North Key issues in contemporary northern Canada, including land and jurisdiction, wildlife, resource extraction, economic development, culture, geopolitics, health, and climate change. Historical geography and physical characteristics of the region. Prerequisite(s): third-year standing or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 3700 [0.5 credit] Population Geography The distributional aspects of population attributes; areal patterns of population characteristics and their spatial variations associated with differences in the nature of places; migratory movements within the framework of spatial models of interactions between locations. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2200 or GEOG 2300 , or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 3999 [0.0 credit] Co-operative Work Term GEOG 4000 [0.5 credit] Field Studies Field observation and methodology in a selected region; individual or group basis. Also listed as ENST 4400 . Prerequisite(s): third-year Honours standing and permission of the Department. Hours to be arranged. GEOG 4004 [0.5 credit] Environmental Impact Assessment Principles, scope and purpose of environmental impact assessment, from conceptual and methodological points of view; range of environmental issues, with emphasis on Canadian case studies. Also listed as ENST 4004 . Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3022 or ENST 3022 , and fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or Environmental Studies or Environmental Science, or permission of the Department. Lectures and seminars three hours a week. GEOG 4005 [0.5 credit] Directed Studies in Geography Students pursue their interest in a selected theme in geography on a tutorial basis with a member of the Department. Prerequisite(s): permission of the Department. GEOG 4007 [0.5 credit] Special Topics in Geography and Environmental Studies Selected topics in geography and/or environmental studies. Also listed as ENST 4007 . Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 4006. Prerequisite(s): fourth-year Honours standing in the Department of permission of the Department. Seminar three hours per week. GEOG 4013 [0.5 credit] Cold Region Hydrology An examination of cold region hydrologic processes via experimental and observational studies emphasizing arctic, sub-arctic and northern boreal landscapes experiencing rapid climate change. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3103 . Lecture three hours a week. GEOG 4017 [0.5 credit] Global Biogeochemical Cycles Processes that control the fluxes and reservoirs of biologically active chemical constituents on land, in the atmosphere, and in the oceans. Climate change impacts on global carbon and nitrogen cycles and their feedbacks on the climate system. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3108 or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 4021 [0.5 credit] Seminar in Culture, Identity and Place Selected topic or field of inquiry concerning the geographic dimensions of culture, identity and place. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3021 and fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or permission of the Department. Seminar three hours a week. GEOG 4022 [0.5 credit] Seminar in People, Resources and Environmental Change A selected topic or field of inquiry concerning natural resource use and environmental change. Also listed as ENST 4022 . Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3022 or ENST 3022 and fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or Environmental Studies or BGInS Specialization in Globalization and Environment or permission of the Department. Seminar three hours a week. GEOG 4023 [0.5 credit] Seminar in Special Topics on the City A selected topic or field of inquiry concerning urban geography. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3023 and fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or Environmental Studies or BGInS Specialization in Globalization and Environment or permission of the Department. Seminar three hours per week. GEOG 4024 [0.5 credit] Seminar in Globalization A selected issue or topic related to globalization. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3024 and fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or BGInS Specialization in Globalization and Environment or permission of the Department. Seminar three hours week. GEOG 4040 [0.5 credit] Geographic Thought Major intellectual issues and debates in the development of contemporary human geography, including history of geographic thought, geographic responses to social and political movements and debates, and geographic engagement with contemporary critical theory. Prerequisite(s): fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or permission of the Department. Seminar three hours per week. GEOG 4050 [0.5 credit] Environmental and Geographic Education Selected theoretical and applied issues concerning environmental and geographic education. Also listed as ENST 4050 . Prerequisite(s): third-year Honours standing in Geography or Environmental Studies, or permission of the Department. Seminar three hours per week. GEOG 4101 [0.5 credit] Two Million Years of Environmental Change Multidisciplinary scientific study of the changes in the physical environment of the Earth during the last two million years and methods of studying recent Earth history, with focus on current research. Prerequisite(s): third year standing in a B.Sc. program, or a third year Science Geography Elective or a third year ERTH course, or permission of the Department. Note: GEOG 3105 is recommended. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 4103 [0.5 credit] Water Resources Engineering A quantitative analysis of natural water systems and the development of these systems as a resource. Components of the hydrologic cycle. Quantitative analysis of stream flow. Probability concepts in water resources. Reservoir design and operation. Availability of groundwater. Storm water management. Also listed as ENVE 3003 . Prerequisite(s): permission of the Department. Recommended background: MAAE 2300 . Lectures three hours a week, problem analysis one hour a week. GEOG 4104 [0.5 credit] Microclimatology The formation of microclimates near the Earth's surface. Discussion and demonstration of techniques used to measure and monitor microclimates. Microclimate impacts on forest, crop and animal production, hydrology, urban heat islands, and the impacts of climate change. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 2013 or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 4108 [0.5 credit] Permafrost Understanding permafrost processes and phenomena and how they respond to climate change. Topics include the distribution, development, and degradation of permafrost; interactions between atmosphere, snow, and ground; the thermal and hydrologic regime of permafrost terrain; landforms in permafrost regions; geotechnical consideration in northern construction. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3108 or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week. GEOG 4304 [0.5 credit] Transportation Engineering and Planning Transportation and the socio-economic environment; modal and intermodal systems and components; vehicle motion; human factors, system and facility design; traffic flow; capacity analysis; planning methodology; environmental impacts; evaluation methods. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for CIVE 3304 . Prerequisite(s): third-year standing, or permission of the Department. Lectures three hours a week, problem analysis three hours alternate weeks. GEOG 4323 [0.5 credit] Urban and Regional Planning History, theories, and practice of urban planning, as well as the policies, plans, and programs developed and implemented in diverse communities. Course topics may include the integration of community development and social planning, urban design, transportation and infrastructure, and environmental management. Prerequisite(s): GEOG 3023 and fourth-year standing in Geography or Environmental Studies, or permission of the department. Lectures three hours per week. GEOG 4406 [0.5 credit] Practicum I Students apply their knowledge and research skills and gain experience through field placements in government, the private sector, non-government organisations and with community organisations in the environmental field. Also listed as GEOM 4406 . Prerequisite(s): fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or Geomatics and permission of the Department. Field placement one day a week. GEOG 4408 [0.5 credit] Practicum II Students apply their knowledge and research skills and gain experience through field placements in government, the private sector, non-government organisations and with community organisations in the environmental field. Also listed as GEOM 4408 . Prerequisite(s): fourth-year Honours standing in Geography or Geomatics and permission of the Department. Field placement of one day a week. GEOG 4450 [0.5 credit] Community-Engaged Research Working in partnership with local organizations, students apply their geographical knowledge to conduct community-engaged research. Student projects will generate outputs for community partners. Research topics vary year to year. Also listed as ENST 4450 . Prerequisite(s): fourth-year standing, or permission of the department. Lectures, discussion and project work three hours a week. GEOG 4906 [1.0 credit] Honours Research Project A research project based on a modeling, laboratory or field problem. The project is supervised by a member of the department and a written thesis and poster must be submitted. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 4904/GEOM 4904 (no longer offered), GEOM 4906 , GEOG 4909 , GEOM 4909 , ENST 4906 , and ENST 4907 . Prerequisite(s): fourth-year Honours standing in B.Sc. Geography, and an approved research topic and adviser. Hours to be arranged with faculty adviser. GEOG 4909 [1.0 credit] Honours Research Thesis Independent design and implementation of a research project leading to the submission of a research thesis. Students work with an individual faculty adviser. The subject for research is decided upon in consultation with the supervisor. Precludes additional credit for Precludes additional credit for GEOG 4904/GEOM 4904 (no longer offered), GEOG 4906 , GEOM 4906 , GEOM 4909 , ENST 4906 , and ENST 4907 . Prerequisite(s): fourth-year Honours standing in B.A. Geography or B.Globalization and International Studies, a minimum CGPA of 9.00 in the major or permission of the Department, and an approved research topic and adviser. Hours to be arranged with faculty adviser. Note: Not all courses listed are offered in a given year. For an up-to-date statement of course offerings for the current session and to determine the term of offering, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca . Summer session: some of the courses listed in this Calendar are offered during the summer. Hours and scheduling for summer session courses will differ significantly from those reported in the fall/winter Calendar. To determine the scheduling and hours for summer session classes, consult the class schedule at central.carleton.ca B.A. Regulations The regulations presented below apply to all Bachelor of Arts programs. In addition to the requirements presented here, students must satisfy the University regulations common to all undergraduate students including the process of Academic Continuation Evaluation (consult the Academic Regulations of the University section of this Calendar). First-Year Seminars B.A. degree students are strongly encouraged to include a First-Year Seminar (FYSM) during their first 4.0 credits of registration. Students are limited to 1.0 credit in FYSM and can only register in a FYSM while they have first-year standing in their B.A. program. Breadth Requirement Among the credits presented at graduation, students in both the B.A. and the B.A. Honours degrees and B.Co.M.S. are required to include 3.0 breadth credits, which must include 1.0 credit in three of the four breadth areas identified below. Credits that fulfil requirements in the Major, Minor, Concentration, Specialization, or Stream may also be used to fulfil the Breadth Requirement. Students admitted with a completed university degree are exempt from breadth requirements. Students in the following interdisciplinary programs are exempt from the B.A. breadth requirement. African Studies Criminology and Criminal Justice Environmental Studies Human Rights Human Rights and Social Justice Breadth Area 1: Culture and Communication American Sign Language, Art History, Art and Culture, Communication and Media Studies, Digital Humanities, English, Film Studies, French, Journalism, Media Production and Design, Music, and Languages (Arabic, English as a Second Language, German, Greek, Hebrew, Indigenous Languages, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Latin, Mandarin, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish) Subject codes : ARAB, ARTH, ASLA, CHIN, COMS, DIGH, ENGL, ESLA, FILM, FINS, FREN, GERM, GREK, HEBR, ITAL, JAPA, JOUR, KORE, LANG, LATN, MPAD, MUSI, PORT, RUSS, SPAN Breadth Area 2: Humanities African Studies, Applied Linguistics and Discourse Studies, Archaeology, Canadian Studies, Child Studies, Classical Civilization, Critical Race Studies, Directed Interdisciplinary Studies, Disability Studies, Environmental and Climate Humanities, European and Russian Studies, History, Human Rights and Social Justice, Humanities, Indigenous Studies, Latin American and Caribbean Studies, Linguistics, Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Philosophy, Religion, Sexuality Studies, South Asian Studies, and Women's and Gender Studies. Subject codes : AFRI, ALDS, ARCY, CDNS, CHST, CLCV, CRST, DBST, DIST, EACH, EURR, HIST, HRSJ, HUMR, HUMS, INDG, LACS, LING, MEMS, PHIL, RELI, SAST, SXST, WGST Breadth Area 3: Science, Engineering, and Design Architecture, Biology, Biotechnology, Chemistry, Computer Science, Data Science, Earth Sciences, Engineering, Environmental Science, Food Science and Nutrition, Health Sciences, Industrial Design, Information Resource Management, Information Technology (BIT), Information Technology (ITEC), Interactive Multimedia and Design, Interdisciplinary Science and Practice, Mathematics, Neuroscience, Network Technology, Nursing, Optical Systems and Sensors, Photonics, Statistics, Physics, and Technology, Society, Environment. Subject codes : ACSE, AERO, ARCC, ARCH, ARCN, ARCS, ARCU, BIOC, BIOL, BIT, BTEC, CHEM, CIVE, COMP, CSEC, DATA, ECOR, ELEC, ENSC, ENVE, ERTH, FOOD, HLTH, IDES, IMD, IRM, ISAP, ISCI, ISCS, ISYS, ITEC, MAAE, MATH, MECH, MECT, NET, NEUR, NSCI, NURS, OSS, PHYS, PLT, SREE, STAT, SYSC, TSES Breadth Area 4: Social Sciences Anthropology, Business, Cognitive Science, Criminology and Criminal Justice, Economics, Environmental Studies, Geography, Geomatics, Global and International Studies, Global Politics, Interdisciplinary Public Affairs, International Affairs, Law, Migration and Diaspora Studies, Political Management, Political Science, Psychology, Public Administration, Public Affairs and Policy Management, Social Work, Sociology/Anthropology, Sociology Subject codes : ANTH, BUSI, CGSC, CRCJ, ECON, ENST, GEOG, GEOM, GINS, GPOL, INAF, IPAF, LAWS, MGDS, PADM, PAPM, POLM, PSCI, PSYC, SOCI, SOWK Declared and Undeclared Students Degree students are considered "Undeclared" if they have been admitted to a degree, but have not yet selected and been accepted into a program within that degree. The status "Undeclared" is available only in the B.A. and B.Sc. degrees. Undeclared students must apply to enter a program upon or before completing 3.5 credits. Change of Program Within the B.A. Degree To transfer to a program within the B.A. degree, applicants must normally be Eligible to Continue (EC) in the new program, by meeting the CGPA thresholds described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University. Applications to declare or change programs within the B.A. degree online must be made online through Carleton Central by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form within the published deadlines. Acceptance into a program, or into a program element or option, is subject to any enrollment limitations, as well as specific program, program element, or option requirements as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Minors, Concentrations, and Specializations Students may add a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form online through Carleton Central. Acceptance into a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization normally requires that the student be Eligible to Continue (EC) and is subject to any specific requirements of the intended Minor, Concentration, or Specialization as published in the relevant Calendar entry and in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University . Mention : français Students registered in certain B.A. programs may earn the diploma notation Mention : françai s by completing part of their program requirements in French, and by demonstrating knowledge of the history and culture of French Canada. The general requirements are listed below. For more specific details, consult the departmental program entries. Students in a B.A. Honours program must present: 1.0 credit in French language; 1.0 credit devoted to the history and culture of French Canada; 1.0 credit at the 2000- or 3000-level in the Honours discipline taken in French; and 1.0 credit at the 4000-level in the Honours discipline taken in French. Students in a B.A. program must present: 1.0 credit in advanced French; 1.0 credit devoted to the history and culture of French Canada; 1.0 credit at the 2000- or 3000-level in the Major discipline taken in French. Students in Combined Honours programs must fulfil the Mention : françai s requirement in both disciplines. Courses taught in French (Items 3 and 4, above) may be taken at Carleton, at the University of Ottawa on the Exchange Agreement, or at a francophone university on a Letter of Permission. Students planning to take courses on exchange or on a Letter of Permission should take careful note of the residence requirement for a minimum number of Carleton courses in their programs. Consult the Academic Regulations of the University section of this Calendar for information regarding study on exchange or Letter of Permission. B.Sc. Regulations The regulations presented in this section apply to all Bachelor of Science programs. In addition to the requirements presented here, students must satisfy the University regulations common to all undergraduate students including the process of Academic Continuation Evaluation (see the Academic Regulations of the University section of this Calendar). Breadth Requirement for the B.Sc. Students in a Bachelor of Science program must present the following credits at graduation: 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses not in the major discipline; students completing a double major are considered to have completed this requirement providing they have 2.0 credits in Science Continuation courses in each of the two majors; 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) In most cases, the requirements for individual B.Sc. programs, as stated in this Calendar, contain these requirements, explicitly or implicitly. Students admitted to B.Sc. programs by transfer from another institution must present at graduation (whether taken at Carleton or elsewhere): 2.0 credits in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) if the student received fewer than 10.0 transfer credits; or, 1.0 credit in courses outside of the faculties of Science and Engineering and Design (may include ISAP 1000) if the student received 10.0 or more transfer credits. Declared and Undeclared Students Degree students are considered "Undeclared" if they have been admitted to a degree, but have not yet selected and been accepted into a program within that degree. The status "Undeclared" is available only in the B.A. and B.Sc. degrees. Undeclared students must apply to enter a program upon or before completing 3.5 credits. Change of Program within the B.Sc. Degree To transfer to a program within the B.Sc. degree, applicants must normally be Eligible to Continue (EC) in the new program, by meeting the CGPA thresholds described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University. Applications to declare or change programs within the B.Sc. degree must be made online through Carleton Central by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form within the published deadlines. Acceptance into a program, or into a program element or option, is subject to any enrolment limitations, and/or specific program, program element or option requirements as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Minors, Concentrations, and Specializations Students may add a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization by completing a Change of Program Elements (COPE) application form online through Carleton Central. Acceptance into a Minor, Concentration, or Specialization normally requires that the student be Eligible to Continue (EC) and is meeting the minimum CGPAs described in Section 3.1.9 of the Academic Regulations of the University , as well as being subject to any specific requirements of the intended Minor, Concentration, or Specialization as published in the relevant Calendar entry. Experimental Science Requirement Students in a B.Sc. degree program must present at graduation at least two full credits of Experimental Science chosen from two different departments or institutes from the list below: Approved Experimental Science Courses Biochemistry BIOC 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry BIOC 3103 [0.5] Experimental Biochemistry I: Principles and Practices BIOC 3104 [0.5] Experimental Biochemistry II: Research Experience BIOC 4001 [0.5] Methods in Biochemistry BIOC 4201 [0.5] Advanced Cell Culture and Tissue Engineering Biology BIOL 1103 [0.5] Foundations of Biology I BIOL 1104 [0.5] Foundations of Biology II BIOL 2001 [0.5] Animals: Form and Function BIOL 2002 [0.5] Plants: Form and Function BIOL 2104 [0.5] Introductory Genetics BIOL 2200 [0.5] Cellular Biochemistry BIOL 2600 [0.5] Ecology Chemistry CHEM 1001 [0.5] General Chemistry I CHEM 1002 [0.5] General Chemistry II CHEM 2103 [0.5] Physical Chemistry I CHEM 2203 [0.5] Organic Chemistry I CHEM 2204 [0.5] Organic Chemistry II CHEM 2302 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry I CHEM 2303 [0.5] Analytical Chemistry II CHEM 2800 [0.5] Foundations for Environmental Chemistry Earth Sciences ERTH 1002 [0.5] The Earth and Life Odyssey: A Journey Through Billions of Years ERTH 2102 [0.5] Mineralogy to Petrology ERTH 2404 [0.5] Engineering Geoscience ERTH 2802 [0.5] Field Geology I ERTH 3111 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Mammals, Reptiles, and Birds ERTH 3112 [0.5] Vertebrate Evolution: Fish and Amphibians ERTH 3204 [0.5] Mineral Deposits ERTH 3205 [0.5] Physical Hydrogeology Food Sciences FOOD 3001 [0.5] Food Chemistry FOOD 3002 [0.5] Food Analysis FOOD 3005 [0.5] Food Microbiology Geography GEOG 1010 [0.5] Global Environmental Systems GEOG 3108 [0.5] Soil Properties Neuroscience NEUR 3206 [0.5] Sensory and Motor Neuroscience NEUR 3207 [0.5] Systems Neuroscience NEUR 4600 [0.5] Advanced Lab in Neuroanatomy Physics PHYS 1001 [0.5] Foundations of Physics I PHYS 1002 [0.5] Foundations of Physics II PHYS 1003 [0.5] Introductory Mechanics and Thermodynamics PHYS 1004 [0.5] Introductory Electromagnetism and Wave Motion PHYS 1007 [0.5] Elementary University Physics I PHYS 1008 [0.5] Elementary University Physics II PHYS 2007 [0.5] Second Year Physics Laboratory: Selected Experiments and Seminars PHYS 3007 [0.5] Third Year Physics Laboratory: Selected Experiments and Seminars PHYS 3606 [0.5] Modern Physics II PHYS 3608 [0.5] Modern Applied Physics Course Categories for B.Sc. Programs